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It defines types used by all other headers.

Fixes #691.

This is an attempt to clean up the Micro Python API on the pyboard.
Gpio functionality is now in the Pin object, which seems more natural.
Constants for MODE and PULL are now in pyb.Pin.  Names of some
classes have been adjusted to conform to CamelCase.  Other
miscellaneous changes and clean up here and there.

Added support for the ADC channels and mappings to make_pins.py

I'm not sure if the hal properly deals with the channel 16/18 differences
between the 40x and 42x. It seems to deal with it partially. This particular
aspect will need testing on a 42x or 43x.

This compiles and links, but hasn't been tested on a board
yet and even if it was run, it doesn't currently do anything.

This commit also introduces board directories and moves board
specific config into the appropriate board directory.

boards/stm32f4xx-af.csv was extracted from the STM32F4xx datasheet
and hand-tweaked.

make-pins.py takes boards/stm32f4xx-af.csv, boards/stm32f4xx-prefix.c,
and boards/BOARD-NAME/pins.csv as input and generates the file
build/pins_BOARD_NAME.c

The generated pin file for PYBOARD4 looks like this:
https://gist.github.com/dhylands/9063231

The generated pins file includes all of the supported alternate
functions, and includes upsupported alternate functions as comments.

See the commnet block at the top of stm/pin_map.c for details on
how to use the pin mapper.

I also went ahead and modified stm/gpio.c to use the pin mapper.