This config option is for the USB OTG pin, pin A10.  This is used on
some boards but not others.  Eg PYBv3 uses PA10 for LED(2), so it
shouldn't be used for OTG ID (actually PA10 is multiplexed on this
board, but defaults to LED(2)).

Partially addresses issue #1059.

readline_process_char() can be fed character by character, for example,
received from external event loop. This will allow to integrate MicroPython
into cooperative multitasking systems.

This new config option sets how many fixed-number-of-bytes to use to
store the length of each qstr.  Previously this was hard coded to 2,
but, as per issue #1056, this is considered overkill since no-one
needs identifiers longer than 255 bytes.

With this patch the number of bytes for the length is configurable, and
defaults to 1 byte.  The configuration option filters through to the
makeqstrdata.py script.

Code size savings going from 2 to 1 byte:
- unix x64 down by 592 bytes
- stmhal down by 1148 bytes
- bare-arm down by 284 bytes

Also has RAM savings, and will be slightly more efficient in execution.

Previous patch c38dc3cc allowed any
object to be compared with any other, using pointer comparison for a
fallback.  As such, existing code which checked for this case is no
longer needed.

Return "not equal" for objects that don't implement equality check.
This is as per Python specs.

Compiler optimises lookup of module.CONST when enabled (an existing
feature).  Disabled by default; enabled for unix, windows, stmhal.
Costs about 100 bytes ROM on stmhal.

Similar to ffi_float.py.

This allows to enable mem-info functions in micropython module, even if
MICROPY_MEM_STATS is not enabled.  In this case, you get mem_info and
qstr_info but not mem_{total,current,peak}.

Replaces RUN_TEST=1 definition; now "make test" in qemu-arm directory
will run tests/basics/ and check that they all succeed.

This patch also enables the test on Travis CI.

GC for unix/windows builds doesn't make use of the bss section anymore,
so we do not need the (sometimes complicated) build features and code related to it

Since all currently supported boards use pin A9 for this function, the
value of the macro MICROPY_HW_USB_VBUS_DETECT_PIN is not actually used,
just the fact that it is defined.

Addresses issue #1048.

A GC in stmhal port now only scans true root pointers, not entire BSS.
This reduces base GC time from 1700ms to 900ms.

This is a simple optimisation inspired by JITing technology: we cache in
the bytecode (using 1 byte) the offset of the last successful lookup in
a map. This allows us next time round to check in that location in the
hash table (mp_map_t) for the desired entry, and if it's there use that
entry straight away.  Otherwise fallback to a normal map lookup.

Works for LOAD_NAME, LOAD_GLOBAL, LOAD_ATTR and STORE_ATTR opcodes.

On a few tests it gives >90% cache hit and greatly improves speed of
code.

Disabled by default.  Enabled for unix and stmhal ports.

This patch consolidates all global variables in py/ core into one place,
in a global structure.  Root pointers are all located together to make
GC tracing easier and more efficient.